3D Printed Knee Joint for Meniscus Injuries


3dPrintedKneeKnee problems involving the meniscus, the protective lining around the knee joint, can cause a bunch of problems, including long-term pain and arthritis. Orthopedists also have a hard time repairing a torn meniscus, usually involving the removal of the tear, which, over time, leaves the knee without important shock absorbers it needs. The most vulnerable to this type of injury include athletes and the elderly. Now doctors at New York's Columbia University Medical Center have come up with an innovative treatment alternative by 3D printing a knee meniscus implant.

3dPrintedKnee1The process involves using a degradable plastic scaffold and protein growth system. First, MRI scans are taken of a patient's undamaged menisci, then converted into a 3D image. Using a material called polycaprolactone, a biodegradable polymer, an intact 3D printed meniscus is formed (3D Print). The scaffold works a lot like coral scaffolds used in extreme body modification. Like coral, the 3D printed model works with special growth factors to naturally adapt to the human body. In this case, the scaffold contains infused human proteins encapsulated in slow-dissolving polymeric microspheres (Medgadget), allowing the body to naturally replace the implant with real tissue.

3dPrintedKnee2The coolest part of this new technology has to be how the internal body accepts the implant, and encourages cellular interaction. In typical tissue engineering procedures, researchers take stem cells from the patient's body and work in the lab to promote cellular regeneration. The first test subjects have not been humans, but sheep, whose meniscus successfully “regenerated in four to six weeks”. Humans are of course next. Once the process is refined a bit, the procedure would only take a few days to be completed. The only thing the researchers are waiting for is funding to begin human clinical trials.

Topics: Technology News Inventions & Innovations

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